Opel Vectra B

since 1995 of release

Repair and car operation



Vektr B. Opel
+ 1.1. Governing bodies and control devices
+ 2. Maintenance
+ 3. Engines
+ 4. Heating, ventilation
- 5. Fuel system
   + 5.1. Fuel system of petrol engines
   - 5.2. Fuel systems of the diesel engine
      5.2.1. Introduction
      5.2.2. Technical characteristics
      5.2.3. Air filter and air inlet channels
      5.2.4. Accelerator pedal
      5.2.5. Filling and pumping of fuel system
      5.2.6. Fuel level sensor
      5.2.7. Fuel tank
      5.2.8. Check and adjustment of the maximum turns
      5.2.9. Start of the cold engine
      + 5.2.10. Electric knots of system of injection
      5.2.11. Fuel pump of a high pressure
      5.2.12. Check of the moment of injection of fuel
      5.2.13. Adjustment of the moment of injection of fuel
      5.2.14. Fuel nozzles
      5.2.15. Turbonagnetatel
      5.2.16. Heat exchanger
      5.2.17. Inlet collector
      5.2.18. Final collector
+ 6. Systems of start, ignition
+ 7. Transmission
+ 8. Brake system
+ 9. Running gear
+ 10. Body
+ 11. Electric equipment
+ 12. Main malfunctions


5645d6d1

5.2. Fuel systems of the diesel engine

5.2.1. Introduction

GENERAL INFORMATION

Engines of 1,7 l

The fuel system consists of the car of a fuel tank established under a back part, the fuel filter with a separator of water, the fuel pump of a high pressure, fuel nozzles and pipelines. Before receipt in the filter fuel heats up an electric heater which is attached to the filter case.

Supply of fuel from the fuel filter to the fuel pump of a high pressure is provided with the pumping-up lopastny pump located in the fuel pump of a high pressure. Excess of fuel greases the fuel pump of a high pressure and comes back to a fuel tank.

The drive of the fuel pump is carried out by a gear belt. Speed of rotation of the fuel pump twice is less than speed of rotation of a cranked shaft.

The amount of fuel copes a centrifugal regulator which reacts to the provision of a pedal of management by supply of fuel and frequency of rotation of a cranked shaft. The regulator is connected with the valve of measurement which increases or reduces amount of the fuel delivered for one course of the pump.

The moment of injection of fuel changes automatically, depending on engine turns, the mechanism which turns a plate of a cam or a ring.

Fuel nozzles spray fuel in the vortical chambers located in a head of the block of cylinders. Fuel nozzles should open and be closed at strictly certain pressure. The needle of a fuel nozzle is greased with fuel which collects about a spring and goes on a returnable hose to the fuel pump.

For start of the cold engine glow plugs which heat up vortical chambers are used. The thermostatic capsule on the fuel pump increases turns of idling of the cold engine.

The electromagnetic valve of a stop of the engine blocks supply of fuel to a rotor of the fuel pump at ignition switching off.

Turbonagnetatel is established to increase engine capacity. Thus it lifts pressure of air in an inlet collector above the atmospheric.

Service of the fuel pump and nozzles are very difficult. Therefore it is necessary for making at service station. For long and continuous work of the fuel pump and nozzles it is necessary to exclude hit in fuel system of dirt and water.

Engines of 2,0 l


Prevention

There are two versions of the engine of 2 l: with a turbo-supercharging of low pressure (Х20DTL) and with a turbo-supercharging of a high pressure (X20DTH).


The fuel system consists of the car of a fuel tank established under a back part, the fuel filter with a separator of water, the fuel pump of a high pressure, fuel nozzles and pipelines. Before receipt in the filter fuel heats up an electric heater which is attached to the filter case.

Supply of fuel from the fuel filter to the fuel pump of a high pressure is provided with the pumping-up lopastny pump located in the fuel pump of a high pressure. Excess of fuel greases the fuel pump of a high pressure and comes back to a fuel tank.

The drive of the fuel pump is carried out by a gear belt. Speed of rotation of the fuel pump twice is less than speed of rotation of a cranked shaft.

The fuel pump copes with the help of electronic system. The system consists of the electronic control device (ECU), the control unit of the fuel pump and the following sensors:

 – the sensor of management of a pedal of an accelerator reports the ECU provision of a pedal of management by supply of fuel;
 – the sensor of temperature of cooling liquid reports ECU engine temperature;
 – the sensor of temperature of arriving air reports ECU the air temperature passing through the inlet channel;
 – the sensor of temperature of oil reports ECU engine temperature;
 – the measuring instrument of a stream of air reports ECU amount of air; passing through the inlet channel;
 – the sensor of a cranked shaft reports the relative provision of a cranked shaft and frequency of its rotation;
 – the sensor of pressure reports relative pressure in a final collector;
 – the ABS system reports ECU relative speed of the car;
 – the switch of the compressor of central air of air reports ECU about central air inclusion.

On the basis of information received from sensors, ECU defines the moment of injection of fuel at all temperatures and power setting.

ECU also operates system of repeated burning of exhaust gases and system of prestarting heating of the engine.

Fuel nozzles spray fuel in the vortical chambers located in a head of the block of cylinders. Fuel nozzles should open and be closed at strictly certain pressure. The needle of a fuel nozzle is greased with fuel which collects about a spring and goes on a returnable hose to the fuel pump.

In an inlet collector the throttle valve for improvement of overall performance of the engine on low turns is established. In each cylinder air moves on two channels in an inlet collector, in one of which the valve operated by the ECU block through the electromagnetic valve and a vacuum diaphragm is established. At turns less than 1 500 rpm valves are closed, and air arrives in cylinders only on one channel. On higher turns of the engine the ECU block opens the valve therefore air arrives in each cylinder via both channels of an inlet collector.

Complete check of system of injection can be executed when using special electronic diagnostic equipment which joins in the diagnostic socket of fuel system. The diagnostic socket is located behind the central console in front of the lever of the hand brake.

Precautionary measures

Turbonagnetatel works at extremely high speeds and temperatures. Do not use a turbonagnetatel at removed any part or a hose. The extraneous particles getting on rotating blades can damage a turbonagnetatel.

Do not increase engine turns at once after start, especially on the cold engine. It is necessary to wait at least some seconds for ensuring normal circulation of oil.

Give the chance to the engine to work in an idling mode within several minutes before switching off after operation of the engine on high turns.

For greasing of the engine use only oil of the recommended quality.